Internet of Things for Sustainable Community Development by Abdul Salam

Author:Abdul Salam
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030352912
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

SAtélite Argentino de Observación COn Microondas (SAOCOM)

L-band active

1 km

NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR)

Ka-band

200 m

Remote sensing in digital forestry is insufficient due to vegetation thickness. The sensing depth by limited to few centimeters. It further decreases with increase in measurement frequency. Moreover, the vegetation loss also increases with increase in the measurement operation frequency.

The radar and LiDAR based active sensing approaches [61] can also provide useful information. Radar operates at 1.26 GHz frequency with VV, HH, and HV polarization and has resolution of 3 km. The radiometer functions in 1.41 GHz with polarization of H and V, and has resolution of 40 km. Although radar in comparison to radiometer has high spatial resolution (1–3 km) but it is more sensitive to surface roughness and vegetation. There it has limited accuracy in thick forests. However, radiometer has high accuracy because it is less impacted by the surface roughness and vegetation but coarser spatial resolution of 40 km makes it less useful for small geographically separated forests. An alternative of combined radar and radiometer solution gives enhanced results of improved resolution and higher accuracy to meet IoT sensing requirements in digital forestry.

Overall, remote sensing can be used to obtain important data from the forest soils and vegetation. This includes spatial coverage of the vegetation, classification of forests, and soil moisture [61].

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